Volume 5, Issue 2 (2018)
Research Article
Global Stability Analysis of Avian Influenza Model
Buddhadeo Mahato, Bimal Kumar Mishra, Binay Kumar Mishra
Abstract: A mathematical model of Avian Influenza for both human and bird population is formulated. The basic reproduction number š ā and š b for both human and bird population respectively is calculated and we prove that the dynamical system is both locally and globally asymptotically stable for disease-free equilibrium point when š ā < 1 and Rš< 1. We also prove that the unique endemic equilibrium point is globally asymptotically stable in bird population when š b > 1. Extensive numerical simulations and sensitivity analysis for various parameters of the model are carried out. The effect of Vaccination and Quarantined on Recovered class is critically analyzed.
Research Article
The Effects of Selenium Supplementation on the Production of Spermatozoa and Semen Quality of Riverine Buffaloes
Maorin Mari Santos, Ma. Elizabeth Leoveras, Daniel L. Aquino, Edward Paraguison, Emma V. Venturina and Flocerfida P. Aquino
Abstract: This study determined the influence of different concentrations of organic selenium in the production of spermatozoa and semen quality of riverine buffaloes. Thirty (30) riverine buffalo bulls used for semen production at the National Bull Farm of the Philippine Carabao Center were allotted into six treatment groups. The first treatment (T1) with no supplementary selenium served as the negative control. The second (T2) and the third (T3) treatments were given 10% and 5% below the published selenium requirement of bulls, respectively. The fourth treatment (T4) serving as the positive control was given the normal level of selenium while the fifth (T5) and sixth (T6) groups were supplemented with 5% and 10% above the required selenium, respectively. The buffalo bulls were fed with rations composed of corn silage, rice straw, concentrates and molasses for three months under intensive system of management. Semen collection was done 2x a week using artificial vagina method and the semen volume, color, pH, sperm motility, sperm concentration and sperm morphology were evaluated. The results showed that T5 produced the highest values on semen volume (3.68 ml), sperm motility (71.82%), concentration (126.84 x 107) and viability (82.91%), respectively. This treatment has the lowest abnormal sperms of 10.55% when compared among the treatments with 22.89%. Overall results further revealed that the average sperm production and semen quality were improved by the different levels of dietary selenium supplementation. The color and pH of the semen collected from donor bulls were not significantly affected by selenium supplementation but the data gathered agreed with the published values.
Research Article
Mathematical model on the transmission dynamics of Dengue virus and its global stability
Buddhadeo Mahato
Abstract: We formulate a mathematical model of Dengue virus by considering two population sizes of human and mosquito. We define a basic reproductive number R0 and equilibrium points for our model. We prove that the disease-free equilibrium is globally stable when R0 < 1, which means the disease will die out and when š > 1, the endemic equilibrium is globally stable. Various numerical simulations using MATLAB are carried out to establish the analytical results. The efficacy of personal protection from mosquito to human and from pregnant women to newborn child are also carried out by numerical simulations.
Research Article
Accelerated fractionation radiotherapy: an answer to the financial burden of locally advanced head and neck cancer patients in India seeking treatment at centers far away from home
D.K. Mondal, L.M. Aggarwal, U.P Shahi
Abstract: Radiotherapy with concurrent Chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for locally advanced head & neck cancers as Surgery is often not suitable. Concurrent chemoradiation is associated with higher toxicity and cost. This work was done to study the feasibility and effectiveness of accelerated fractionation radiotherapy in locally advanced head & neck cancers. Total 39 patients of head & neck cancers with Stage: T4, N0 to N2, M0 included. Site wise distribution: oral cavity 21, oropharynx 16, larynx 1 and pyriform fossa 1. External beam radiotherapy given on telecobalt unit with two lateral parallel opposed and lower anterior neck portals. A tumor dose (TD) of 60Gy / 24 #/ 4 weeks was delivered. Spinal cord spared after 40 Gy/16 #. Overall response rate was 100%, 70% and 77% at 0, 3 and 6 months respectively. At 3months, CR in oral cavity 82%, in oropharynx 33%, in N0 patients 100%, in node positive patients 30%. In 85% cases treatment completed within 5 weeks. Grade 3 acute skin reactions in 96% and grade 3 mucosal reactions in 24% cases. The accelerated fractionated radiotherapy (AFRT-4W) in 4 weeks is feasible in locally advanced HNSCC. The overall response seems to be quite good. AFRT-4W seemed to be most effective in oral cavity and N0 cases. Acute toxicities were severe but manageable conservatively. As total treatment time was reduced by 2 weeks (compared to conventional fractionation) duration of hospital stay and expenditure reduced.
Research Article
Healthcare Evaluation Study of Community Workers residing in Gurgaon with respect to Blood Pressure, Blood Glucose Level, Blood Hemoglobin Level and Obesity
Paarth Kishan Gupta, Sujeet Jha, Ghanshyam Mali
Abstract: High blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, obesity and anemia are a major public health in India and prevalent all over the world. Hypertension exerts a significant public health burden on healthcare systems in India. Diabetes mellitus is a major clinical and public health problem. Diabetes is a complex and chronic illness requiring continuous medical care. Overweight and obesity are rapidly increasing in countries like India. Anemia is the most common nutritional deficiency disorder in the world. The present study evaluated the general health status with respect to blood pressure, blood glucose level, blood hemoglobin level and obesity of adults living in the community. The blood pressure, blood glucose level, obesity status and blood hemoglobin level parameters of 52 male subjects were evaluated and analyzed. The results suggest that the overall prevalence of hypertension in the study population was 69.2%. The mean systolic BP was 131.68 (Ā±17.12) mm Hg while the mean DBP was 83.4 (Ā±10.64) mm Hg. The blood glucose level >200mg/dl in the study population was 1.8% and blood glucose level >150 to <200 mg/dl was 5.5%. There were 22, 29 and 3 subjects with Body mass index (BMI) of <18, 18 to 25 and >25 respectively. The blood hemoglobin level between 10-12 mmHg in the study population was 5.5%, between >12-14 mmHg was in 50% and between >14 to 16 was 44.5% in the population. Early detection and treatment can reduce the incidence and complications of hypertension, diabetes and obesity. In India increased awareness, control and treatment of high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity and anemia are required and are important for the reduction of further complications and associated burden of illness.
Research Article
Detection of Species-Specific Meat of Buffalo, Goat and Sheep by Multiplex-PCR Based Method
Anupam Singh, Prachi Bhargava
Abstract: The production of buffalo's, goat's, and sheep's meat has considerable economic importance based on their high consumption in various industries. It is commonly found that undesirable mixing in meat may lead to allergy, religious, ethical or cultural objections of undeclared meat during processing. In the present study, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been validated to identify three meats (buffalo, sheep and goat) as raw materials for products simultaneously in one mixture. A forward primer and reverse primers were designed on a conserved DNA sequence in the mitochondrial cyt b gene and species -specific DNA sequences for each species respectively. Selected samples of meats from buffalo, goat and sheep were applied for molecular analysis after being critically characterized. Genomic DNA was isolated from each species in triplicates. The PCR products showed species -specific amplicons of 155 bp, 274 bp and 331 bp for goat, buffalo and sheep respectively. The method based on genetic traceability using PCR might become useful for the consumers, food industry, and law enforcement and applicable to different raw meats and their products.